Inertial navigation system

An Inertial Navigation System (INS) is a self-contained guidance system that uses accelerometers and gyroscopes to calculate a vehicle’s position, orientation, and velocity without any external references. By continuously measuring acceleration and rotational rates, it dead-reckons its way from a known starting point. This makes it immune to jamming, spoofing, and signal blockage, providing critical navigation for submarines, aircraft, missiles, and ground vehicles when GPS is denied or unavailable.

Key Points:
– Comprises an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) with gyroscopes and accelerometers.
– Provides accurate short-term navigation but experiences drift over time without periodic correction.
– Integrated with GPS in most modern systems for long-term accuracy (GPS/INS).
– Essential for the guidance of smart munitions, UAVs, and military aircraft in contested environments.
– Used in stabilization and targeting systems for tanks and naval artillery.
– A cornerstone of autonomous vehicle navigation and precise military mapping.

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