• Definition: Dedicated computing modules (embedded boards, SoC, FPGAs) integrated into military hardware to perform mission-critical functions (navigation, EW, ISR, weapon control).

  • Ruggedisation: Built to MIL-STD / IP standards for shock, vibration, temperature and EMI/EMC — designed to survive harsh field conditions.

  • Real-time performance: Use of real-time OS, hardware accelerators (FPGA/DSP) and deterministic I/O for low-latency processing and control.

  • Security & hardening: Hardware root-of-trust, secure boot, encrypted storage/comms, anti-tamper features and firmware update controls are essential.

  • Modularity & integration: COTS-plus modules, standard interfaces (MIL-STD-1553, ARINC, Ethernet, CAN, PCIe, FPGA mezzanine) for rapid integration and upgradeability.

  • Lifecycle & sustainment: Long-term support, firmware/patch management, supply-chain assurance, export controls (ITAR) and field repairability drive procurement decisions.

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